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Metamorphosis

Keywords: transversality*; interface (interact); post-conceptual; assemblage; spatiality; randomness; environment; coexistence;


*In mathematics, transversality is a notion that describes how spaces can intersect; transversality can be seen as the "opposite" of tangency and plays a role in general position. It formalizes the idea of a generic intersection in differential topology.

noun
1.  geometry
a line intersecting two or more other lines
adjective
2.  a less common word for transverse

Draft: Metamorphosis - Ethics and Aesthetics are One - from a Neuroscientific Perspective
Wittgenstein's "Ethics and Aesthetics are one" is the starting point of this research. "In the Notebooks, Wittgenstein states that 'the world and life are one', so perhaps the following can be said. Just as the aesthetic object is the single thing seen as if it were a whole world, so the ethical object, or life, is the multiplicity of the world seen as a single object". (Diané Collinson, The British Journal of Aesthetics, Volume 25, Issue 3, SUMMER 1985, pages 266-272)

Art transcends boundaries of race, nationality and gender. It is a creative act of unifying in the context of humanity, from the subject to the various topics, by asking questions. This point is the lack of "reality" (dealing with reality) from a sociological perspective. But it is impossible to define humanity and reality based on sociological statistics alone–is my perspective of Wittgenstein's "Ethics and Aesthetics are one". Thereby, I examine 'world and life' from the 21st century perspective.

The Solo Exhibition the project B.O.D.Y. - hidden codes in Venice, Italy, 2011

Non-profit exhibition project in Venice, Italy

Creative Play Ground/Artistic Intervention in a private space


The child's chair was suspended from the ceiling, and swing movement when you push them with your hands. Sound noise changes slightly due to its vibrations and spatial echoes. (I would like to set up the 7 children's chairs (with the sound) in a specific place. However, to detect the sound phenomenon through oscillatory motion, it would be a large (sound) installation.) What we can recognise from nature, is that natural phenomena don't happen very often. Nature is stable. Unless it is a volcanic explosion, the fire is a man-made disaster. The earth is a paradise-like environment for humans.

The sound changes slightly depending on the situation in the room. Viewing this sound installation allows visitors to discover the "subtleties".

For my Klang-Kunst/Sound Art Project, I needed to find a specific space for my artwork in the Urban Space, or in the Nature – Spatial Installation in an open spaceIt was not easy to find an optimal space for this project.

The exhibition and art project in an unconfigurable environment was an artistic challenge for me and a curator in Venice.

At the time, I was exploring the vibration of sound* and compositional installations.


An American composer Steven Reich had an interesting spatial installation (pendulum) with a feedback sound system and oscillatory motion using microphones in a room.


*The source of a sound vibrates, bumping into nearby air molecules which in turn bump into their neighbours, and so forth. This results in a wave of vibrations travelling through the air to the eardrum, which in turn also vibrates.


Digital drawing with AI-generated Image (Raw) through the Poem Closeness and Distance (Original in German), 2024

Biological nOtiOn of time

for post-feminism, post-conceptual art

Theoretical exploration in Post-Feminism:

- History of Feminism (Western and Non-Western), Feminism in Art (Western and Non-Western) History


- Chromsome:

Chromosomes are the carriers of genes and thus hereditary information. A human cell usually contains 23 pairs of chromosomes, for a total of 46 chromosomes. One of these 23 pairs of chromosomes determines gender: in women it consists of two X chromosomes, in men it consists of one X and one Y chromosome.


Maleness and femaleness are NOT determined by having an X or a Y, since switching a couple of genes around can turn things upside down. In fact, there's a whole lot more to maleness and femaleness than X or Y chromosomes. About 1 in 20,000 men has no Y chromosome, instead having 2 Xs. (https://www.fhi.no/en/publ/2016/ikke-invasiv-prenatal-testing-nipt-for-kjonnsbestemmelse-av-foster.-metodev/)



Chromsome Y

Identifying genes on each chromosome is an active area of genetic research. Because researchers use different approaches to predict the number of genes on each chromosome, the estimated number of genes varies. The Y chromosome likely contains 70 to 200 genes that provide instructions for making proteins. Because only males have the Y chromosome, the genes on this chromosome tend to be involved in male sex determination and development. Sex is determined by the SRY gene, which is responsible for the development of a fetus into a male. Other genes on the Y chromosome are important for enabling men to father biological children (male fertility). (https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/chromosome/y/)


 

Das X-Chromosom als Modell für genetische Regulation

https://www.mpg.de/18548899/molgen_jb_2021



Research question 1 in the spatial installation "still/silent" (2011):


Describe the relationship of gravity and space in the installation "still/silent" (2011).

What is the effect of gravity in this work?
How do we perceive the effect of gravity?


Explain these on the topic of 'artistry' and the correspondence involved.


Therefore how technology would be involved in this artwork?

And for, which notion would be represented with the technology in this artwork?


---

In the context of art history, on minimalism


From classical minimalism to minimalsm in postmodernity


---

On assemblage in post-conceptual


- the topic of 'visible and invisible' in assemblage in the spatial installation, in which terms of notion of 'gravity' epistemologically and the relation to phenomenology.






 

Research question 3 Performance in the spatial installation "still/silent" (2011):


On today's sculpture

Byond metaphysics

Interview with Rudy Oriandini by Erika Matsunami

 


- How did you start making the video? And when?

 

I remember that since childhood I always wanted to make videos, that’s why at the age of 13 years old I asked my parents to give me a video camera and started to make my first videos

There were periods when I stopped making it because of various situations but I never gave up, I kept learning by alone and myself how to make videos 


 

- Please tell me about your motivation for working on the video.

Besides work, I have always been pushed by a sensation which I needed to help and encourage people, that’s why I started to make these videos and publish them on SNS.

 

 

- Can you describe the theme of “sound through your body”?

 

I love bass, since a kid, I always pushed the volume of the stereos because I could listen to the powerful vibrations of the music through my body. Not only, do I consider the sound of the wind on my skin or drops of water on my hand, I am not sure what they sound like, but in my mind, I create my sound when I get in touch with the natural elements. 


 

- Did you study at a general education school?

 

Despite my deafness, I have always attended “normal” school

 

 

- What was it like for you to learn in an integration class with students without disabilities?

 

Like anything, there are always advantages and disadvantages, I couldn’t make friends because of my deafness and my personality, it isolated me, but at the same time I learned and understood the “normal” world, which made me stronger and prepared

 

 

- How does living and working in Kyoto, Japan, feel compared to Italy?

 

My personality fits better in Japan than in Italy, even if I find it difficult to understand the Japanese and English language by reading lips compared to Italy. However, the “balance” that I have here in Japan is great.

 

I had always a special bond with Japan since childhood, I am happy that I was able to reach my dream.

Kyoto has many stories and legends, and this mix of feelings is magic to me, I have never been so inspired in my life. 



Thank you

2 ch-mono discrete sound installation in the corridor.

Research question 2 Performance in the spatial installation "still/silent" (2011):


 

Ambient music is a loosely defined musical genre that incorporates elements of a number of different styles - including jazz, electronic music, new age, modern classical music and even noise.

Poem:  Closeness and Distance (2023)

Closeness ...


near and far


... and distance 


visible or invisible


perceptible 


inaudible or audible 


tangible or intangible


– B.O.D.Y. - the second skin

Consideration from a medical perspective in the context of Ethics:

This is about communication.
For example, a long-distance collaboration via the Internet with deaf artist Rudy.
Rudy has the hearing impaired. Rudy told me that he could hear some slight sounds. (I don't know if he is wearing a hearing aid or not.)
He said that it is possible to agree on the composition of my sound. Normal communication is written language, sign language and lip reading. Rudy attended the regular school in Italy, not a school for the deaf. Integration of deaf people and the social, and societal understanding in today's advanced technology and medical world.

Metamorphosis in Geometry:


Visual composition


M.C. Escher (1898–1972)

Metamorphosis I, II, III

- M.C. Escher, Metamorphosis I, woodcut, printed on two sheets, May 1937

- M.C. Escher, Metamorphosis II, woodcut in black, green and brown, printed from twenty blocks, on three combined sheets, November 1939 – March 1940

- M.C. Escher, Metamorphosis III, woodcut in black, green and reddish brown, printed from thirty-three blocks on six combined sheets, mounted on canvas, partly coloured by hand, 1967-1968

 

https://www.escherinhetpaleis.nl/story-of-escher/metamorphosis-i-ii-iii/?lang=en

https://www.escherinhetpaleis.nl/story-of-escher/metamorphosis-i-ii-iii/?lang=en 


 

 for the ecology (an ecological life) in the future

Freedom and Spirituality for the Urban-Creativity
 
A world without sound of outer world.

 

Rudy Orlandini, Video creator, A (deaf) artist, based in Kyoto/Tokyo, Japan
I am Rudy
 
Start doing it now
 


 

Western painting is painted on linen canvas. Japanese painting is painted on silk panels, processing of hanging scrolls, etc.

Visible and invisible spatial installation for an audio (live electronics) and and visual (video) performance
– an assemblage with sound (6 channel mono discrete) and textile (2 x silks)

Dimension: Contrast with the Space (in  the public space) or Room (in a building)


This installation "still/silent" (2011), Gelerie weisser elefent, Berlin is a silent spatial installation in the room.

I believe, "If the Empire of Japan had surrendered to the Allied Forces one month earlier, there would have been no atomic bombing on humanity."

– "Still/Silent" (2011), the galerie weisser elefant in Berlin-Mitte, Germany, 2011


STOP THE WAR

 

Evidence of a distorted history

...On memorial work

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Emperor_Showa_visit_to_Hiroshima_in_1947.JPG

English: Emperor Showa visit to Hiroshima in 1947

 

It wasn't that, there, it didn't look like that image in 1947.

What is historical evidence?

 

About historical events how do we study at the school?

Art (visual arts and music) and Anthropology

Electroacustic music, electronic music,  computer music

No More Hiroshima and Nagasaki

– dedicate to the victims of war* around the world


*Civilian victims mainly such as military comfort women, forced laborers, and coal miners, as well as forced conscription

War memorials are usually for warriors, but the cenotaphs for the atomic bombs of Hiroshima and Nagasaki were for civilians (workers for the military), includes American solder in prison of war, and Korean.

Although each culture has a different story about the creation of humans and the world, but the scientific and medical facts are the common. (Since the global coronavirus pandemic, the world has been full of contradictions.)

Nowadays, new knowledge is spreading all over the world, and from a biological perspective, human history is a starting point of "rebirth".

Betty Gloria Miller[1] (July 27, 1934 – December 3, 2012),[2][3] also known as Bettigee (which was her signature on her artworks)[4] was an American artist who became known as the "Mother of De'VIA" (Deaf View/Image Art).[5]

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betty_G._Miller


 

Leon Lim (born in Kedah, Malaysia) is an artist, designer and photographer who was schooled in Kedah and Penang and lives in New York City. He has been profoundly deaf since birth and his deafness developed his strong sense of seeing. His independence began at the age of 14 when he started to live alone in Penang.[1] He received his Bachelor of Fine Arts degree from Rochester Institute of Technology, New York. He competed in the second season of the Bravo television network's reality television series Work of Art: The Next Great Artist.[2]

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leon_Lim



Andrew Clemens (c. January 29, 1857 – May 14, 1894) was a sand artist from Iowa in the United States. Clemens formed his pictures by compressing natural colored sands inside chemists' jars to create his works of art.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Clemens


 

Nancy Rourke is an internationally known Deaf artist and ARTivist, with a focus in oil painting. Her pieces carry the themes of resistance, affirmation, and liberation, with stylings falling under 'Rourkeism' and 'Surdism'.[1][2][3][4]

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nancy_Rourke


Granville Richard Seymour Redmond (March 9, 1871 – May 24, 1935) was an American landscape painter and exponent of Tonalism and California Impressionism. He was also an occasional actor for his friend Charlie Chaplin.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granville_Redmond




The important tasks for artistic research in the context of cultural heritage:

What is 'creativity' of humans?

Appreciation as a work of art in the context of Aesthetics

Consideration from a medical perspective in the context of Ethics

 

-> Wittgenstein 'Ethics and Aesthetics are One'


Dynamic of; Logic and Unlogic, Constructive and Deconstructive,


Gesture

 

 

Sociological aspect:

For example,

- The status of integration in education

- Standards for the hearing impaired

- Educational practices and technology

Hearing aids

This performance in the installation still/silent (2011) solo by Erika Matsunami  has consisted of the video and the multi-channel mono discrete sound that takes place while the audience looks into the room. There were the layers of three spatial artworks (spatial installation, video and multi-channel sound installation for live electronics) in a room.
The video (without sound, silently) shows only the information; the names, years, and locations of world wars after the dropping atomic bomb on August 9, 1945 (after the dropping atomic bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945) till 2011. Thereby the sound was an improvisation(live electronics) -performance.

Essay vol. 3

 

Sensation of Motion in Time

In 1947, the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki were still classified as military secrets by the Allies, and people did not have easy access to them.

In Japan, it was taboo to mention the dropping of the atomic bomb to Emperor Showa (1901–1989) until his death and in the 1990s.
According to my great-uncle-in-law Etsuo, in the summer of 1946, a year after the atomic bomb was dropped on August 9, 1945, a university professor confirmed that there were survivors among the students from the Faculty of Science* at Hiroshima University who were evacuated from Hiroshima. He called up to rebuild the Faculty of Science building and resume classes.

They began reconstruction work for their study in Master of Science at Hiroshima University in 1947. (It was two years later)

Their master of sceince projects, including my great-aunt's Hideko, were research into quantum electronics**. They commissioned the glass craftsman to make the vacuum tube gas installations at a time when nothing existed.

They were able to imagine what happened at ground zero in Hiroshima.


*The Faculty of Science is an academic field that unravels the workings of nature in fields such as mathematics, biology, science, and physics, as the name suggests. The Faculty of Science, which conducts research to elucidate theories from an abstract level, includes departments such as the Department of Mathematics, Department of Chemistry, Department of Physics, Department of Biology, and Department of Earth Science.


**Quantum electronics is a technology that uses transitions between quantum mechanical steady states of atoms and molecules to amplify, oscillate, or detect high frequencies, and is applied to communication, measurement, information processing, etc.


 

I explore viral aesthetic, which term is coined by Joseph Nechvatal.

A world without the sound of outer world:

 

between inhabit(-ing) and habit


- A very short story  (of) 4 x 4 video = 16 videos


by erika matsunami, 2021, Berlin

The Poem Closeness and Distance (German Braille Translation from Original Näher und Entfernung
 in German), 2023

Relativity (1953), Lithography, M.C. Escher

Probably, today's time, space, and body
on Being in M.C. Escher

Essay vol. 2

draft

On Sound composition

- From surrealism to musique concrète


From automatism to an experimental technique of musical composition using recorded sounds as raw material.

From tape (electro-magnetic) to digital sound (sonic).


What is an electro-acustic music and what is an electro music?


(From B.O.D.Y. and  Still/Silent to Two lines and a.o.i. - lasting memories)

Artistic research What is a musical error?

Question for 'world and life'

Art History

Andrew Clemens's sand art.

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sand_Art_Andrew_Clemens.jpg


Notice:

 Each piece of artwork is composed of layered sand that is naturally colored, and sourced all within America, no adhesive was used keep the sand in place.


Andrew Clemens (January 29, 1857 – May 14, 1894) was an American deaf sand artist who formed his pictures by compressing natural colored sands inside chemists' jars to create his works of art. At a young age Andrew experienced encephalitis which caused his lifelong deafness. At the age of 13 Clemens was entered into the Iowa State School for the Deaf in Council Bluffs, lowa.


A world without the sound of outer world from Andrew Clemens's view, I thought probably it was a starting point of (American) conceptual art, but it was not organized as an art movement yet.


– A world that transcends technique and materiality, is a work of art


The colorful sand art objects tell a story of American materialism, symbolism, and capitalist exploitation since the British Industrial Revolution (1760-1840). They were all sealed inside the glass jar. This point is a conceptual perspective that differs from critical theory of painting. His work then asks the viewer whether his work is an "art object" or "goods" ? – It's an artifact.

 

 


Immersion Into Noise, Joseph Nechvatal, 2011

John Cage (September 5, 1912 – August 12, 1992)

4'33 (1952)

Score 4'33'' by John Cage


On musical ontology and metaphysics

from classical metaphysic to minimalism in postmodernism

On dispositif by Michel Foucault

This sound composition is four dimensional sound: the sounds are not only placed in any position in a three-dimensional field, but they also move in time. So, the sounds fly around, change shape.

...Flusso

A world without the sound of outerworld





A starting point of an experimental diary in practical exploring,

Digital drawing with AI-generated Image (Raw) through the writing, 2024

On Spatiality

in transversal aestehtics

Notion of Time

-> Their Master of Science Research is an epistemological research method. Analytical research method is such as by Niels Bohr's i.e. Bohr's model. Research out come is very often a metaphysical representation.


PhD in Science and Post-doc Research today is very advanced and complex research.

I am reading the research papers in neuroscience, brain medical research on the theme of Dementia. Molecular biology, Quantum physics are important.

Quantum physics in neuroscience and psychology: a neurophysical model of mind–brain interaction

ABSTRACT

Neuropsychological research on the neural basis of behaviour generally posits that brain mechanisms will ultimately suffice to explain all psychologically described phenomena. This assumption stems from the idea that the brain is made up entirely of material particles and fields, and that all causal mechanisms relevant to neuroscience can therefore be formulated solely in terms of properties of these elements. Thus, terms having intrinsic mentalistic and/or experiential content (e.g. ‘feeling’, ‘knowing’ and ‘effort’) are not included as primary causal factors. This theoretical restriction is motivated primarily by ideas about the natural world that have been known to be fundamentally incorrect for more than three-quarters of a century. Contemporary basic physical theory differs profoundly from classic physics on the important matter of how the consciousness of human agents enters into the structure of empirical phenomena. The new principles contradict the older idea that local mechanical processes alone can account for the structure of all observed empirical data. Contemporary physical theory brings directly and irreducibly into the overall causal structure certain psychologically described choices made by human agents about how they will act. This key development in basic physical theory is applicable to neuroscience, and it provides neuroscientists and psychologists with an alternative conceptual framework for describing neural processes. Indeed, owing to certain structural features of ion channels critical to synaptic function, contemporary physical theory must in principle be used when analysing human brain dynamics. The new framework, unlike its classic-physics-based predecessor, is erected directly upon, and is compatible with, the prevailing principles of physics. It is able to represent more adequately than classic concepts the neuroplastic mechanisms relevant to the growing number of empirical studies of the capacity of directed attention and mental effort to systematically alter brain function.

Keywords: mind, consciousness, brain, neuroscience, neuropsychology, quantum mechanics

Human-Beings

Futurism

Keywords: transversality*; interface (interact); post-conceptual; assemblage; spatiality; randomness; environment; coexistence;


*In mathematics, transversality is a notion that describes how spaces can intersect; transversality can be seen as the "opposite" of tangency and plays a role in general position. It formalizes the idea of a generic intersection in differential topology.

noun
1.  geometry
a line intersecting two or more other lines
adjective
2.  a less common word for transverse

Artistic methodology:


- To design an artistic research

Psychology
Difference between seeing and hearing


What they have in common is skin sensation

Review

On Else Marie Pade

Physical

Climate Change


Five key greenhouse gases are carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, methane, chlorofluorocarbons, and water vapor. While the Sun has played a role in past climate changes, the evidence shows the current warming cannot be explained by the Sun.

https://science.nasa.gov/climate-change/causes/


 

Climate change refers to long-term shifts in temperatures and weather patterns. Such shifts can be natural, due to changes in the sun’s activity or large volcanic eruptions. But since the 1800s, human activities have been the main driver of climate change, primarily due to the burning of fossil fuels like coal, oil and gas.

 

Burning fossil fuels generates greenhouse gas emissions that act like a blanket wrapped around the Earth, trapping the sun’s heat and raising temperatures.

https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/what-is-climate-change

 

The effects of human-caused global warming are happening now, are irreversible for people alive today, and will worsen as long as humans add greenhouse gases to the atmosphere.

https://science.nasa.gov/climate-change/effects/

 

Science, Solutions, Solidarity

https://www.un.org/en/climatechange


 

Homage (Respect) to Ryuichi Sakamoto, for his life work.
"decaying,
the flow of time
Awareness
decaying,
It's the appearance
without sound,
 its still, in silence”
– Erika Matsunami, 5.5.2024, Berlin

朽ちていく、
時の流れの
あはれさを
朽ちていく、
姿こそ
忍びなく、オマージュ(敬意)、坂本龍一氏へ、松並えりか、ベルリンにて、2024年5月5日

Richard Hunt (September 12, 1935 – December 16, 2023)
Branching Construction, 1961
Welded steel and bronze, 73 7/8 × 27 1/8 × 19 7/8 in., Whitney Museum of American Art, New York

Research question 1-2 in Branching Constuction, 1961


Describe the relationship of gravity and material, also its procedure in "Branching Constuction" (1961).


Explain these on the topic of 'artistry' and correspondence involved.


Therefore how the technology would be involved in this artwork?

And for, which notion would be represented with the technology in this artwork?


---


In the process of creating sculptures, changing method (materiality and technique) from the classic methodology of making molds from clay and pouring bronze into them.


What is an 'assemblage' in sculpture?


'assemblage' in ontological methaphysics

on the topic of 'being' in methaphysics.


From classical ontology to postmodernism in sculpture


The concept of time here is in the joint of two different materiality.

For example, the notion of time in wood and iron
Wood has distortions.
Iron rusts.

Oxidation causes this natural material to decay.

 

Ryman's work at Musée de l'Orangerie has gaps on two-dimensional surface, that gap gives us attention. These gaps would give an association of notation on a monotone (monochrome) painting. – A depicted world without colour

If the work allows us to touch 'it', the feeling of touching it may also have meaning. It's a poetic work, probably it's a socio-political work. In a world without colour, the worldview is inverted.

Robert Ryman (May 30, 1930 – February 8, 2019) was an American painter.

I have great respect for the sensibilities of American postmodern artists, especially for the New Yorker Artists.


Artistic confrontation for survival by American Postmodern Artists as an art movement towards American Idealism and Capitalism*.
It makes the society alive.


*A controversy about a new method and seeing-in towards classical formalism in painting.


The aim of this artistic research in the context of transversal aesthetics is a methodological suggestion for solving complex problems in an interactive relationships between the extrem poles from the biological aspect which is based on biological logic.

The state of nature (hypothesis)

In a reality


Not everyone can photograph a “naked person” under specific condition.
This is only permitted under limited conditions and circumstances. Not everyone can exhibit “their own creations”.

“Private” may be shown in certain limited locations and under certain conditions.

Private is fundamentally protected.

This raises many questions about human beings in industrialized society, such as on the topic of freedom and hunamity.

A connection to the social science:

- Socio-political content


- Critical theory


- Connection to People, contributing to people and by people


Participatory Project

Interactive Project
Workshop(e.g. on Articulation)

Rather than the "social sculpture", that was coined by Joseph Beuys (political struggle for the deconstruction of social class), I propose an artistic "social articulation" (coexistence for the middle-class centred social democratic society) in an environment.

Round-Table


Artistic Intervention
Artistic Activism

etc

References:

Knowledge through imagination, Amy Kind, Peter Kung, 2016

Ecology of brain, Thomas Fuchs, 2017

Aesthetics as philosophy of perception, Bence Nanay, 2016

keywords: cybernetics; gender-fluid; fiction; transferred autonomy; queer posthumanism; viral aesthetic;

Techniques vary depending on the artistic medium.

For example, between Photography, Film, Performance, Installation, and Painting, etc

Exercise 1:
How to read this article and information in this article.
Transcript into metacode

I found this paper interesting methodologically. It gives me a new perspective. Thereby my artistic approach is how I recognize this informational research design.

Visual denotation and connotation

What is sculpture?

Hisotry of Sculpture

For future study of sculpture:


In metaphysics, ontology is the philosophical study of being. It investigates what types of entities exist, how they are grouped into categories, and how they are related to one another on the most fundamental level (and whether there even is a fundamental level).


Epistemology is the study/logic of knowledge; ontology of being. Metaphysics is often equated to ontology, though some think it has other purposes. They are different subject-matters, though they may be pursued by the same thinker, and with similar methodologies (e.g., analytic, existential).


These ontological approaches of knowing, perceiving and interpreting the world are generally lumped into four distinct categories: realism, empiricism, positivism and post-modernism.


Metaphysics could thus roughly be divided into two parts. The first is ontology, which is supposed to tell us what there is in general, or what kinds of things make up reality. The second is the rest of metaphysics, which is supposed to tell us, among others, what these things are like in various general ways.


Abstract: We articulate a distinction between ontology, understood as involving existence questions, and metaphysics, understood as either providing for metaphysical profiles of entities or else as dealing with fundamentality and/or grounding and dependence questions.


Dispositionalism is the opposite theory, giving ontological primacy to dispositional properties. Between these two extremes, there are dualists who allow both categorical and dispositional properties in their ontology.


Indeed, the cornerstone of Aristotle's ontology is his theory that reality is based on the substances of physical objects, not Forms. “'What is being? ' is just the question 'What is substance? '” Aristotle states in the Metaphysics (1028b5).

Literatures

What bodies of literature or areas of research will be used?

Ludwig Wittgenstein

Richard Wollheim


What are the key papers / studies in each literature?

As a starting point: Diané Collinson, The British Journal of Aesthetics, Volume 25, Issue 3, SUMMER 1985, pages 266-272



Will each literature play an equally important role in research?

Yes



Are the literatures from different disciplines / fields?

Yes, Study of Fine Arts, Philosophy of Art, Aesthetics, Neuroscience, (Linguistics, Philosophy of Language, Philosophy of Information)



Observations & Arguments

What themes / issues are evident in the literatures?

Outline: Metamorphosis - Ethics and Aesthetics are One - from a Neuroscience Perspective
Wittgenstein's "Ethics and Aesthetics are one" is the starting point of this research. "In the Notebooks, Wittgenstein states that 'the world and life are one', so perhaps the following can be said. Just as the aesthetic object is the single thing seen as if it were a whole world, so the ethical object, or life, is the multiplicity of the world seen as a single object". (Diané Collinson, The British Journal of Aesthetics, Volume 25, Issue 3, SUMMER 1985, pages 266-272)


What gap(s) / problem(s) are evident in the literatures?

Art transcends boundaries of race, nationality and gender. It is a creative act of unifying in the context of humanity, from the subject to the various topics, by asking questions. This point is the lack of "reality" (dealing with reality) from a sociological perspective. But it is impossible to define humanity and reality based on sociological statistics alone–is my perspective of Wittgenstein's "Ethics and Aesthetics are one". Thereby, I examine 'world and life' from the 21st century perspective.


What are the costs or risks of not addressing the gap(s) / problem(s) for researchers in the literature?

The fact that the work does not address the research is that the work does not contribute.

Thereby there are the specific gaps between visual arts and music in the context of ethics, i.e. emotion, cognition, behaviour, -ism, social functions, communication, correspondence, as well as materility, process, methods and so on.

A common is literary expression, or literary is a common.



Methods

What methods of data collection and analysis will be utilised?

Collection and analysis are based on artistic experience and achievements

Work in Progress, Interaction
Specific characteristics of the method: Randomness, Improvisation


What are the key features or strengths of each method?

Ontological

Phenomenological

Material and Technique (classical artistic material and technique, add. new materials, and unusual artistic materials, e.g. sonic, digital, trash, water, air, etc)
(For example, in the case of lithography
Features: chemical transformation
Advantage: Transferring)


What is my 'to be originate' (origin) artistic method is in and between the transformative processing with divers artistic mediums. Rebecca Horn is a German multimedia artist in the installation, and I am an origin Japanese, a transmedia artist in performance and installation. Within the Western Fine Arts, I deal withthe methods of Japanese Traditonal Fine Arts also.



Will the methods be used in a particular sequence?

No

It's not the order, but rather it's the steps.
(For example, in the case of lithography

The relationship between scientific phenomenon and materials that cause change through time (in process))


How do the methods complement each other?

Topological


This method applies to installation, sound composition, and choreography.


Not the tool, using device(s): Drawing by AI is a new method, completely different from the ontological artistic method. It is new and I explore it as an artistic method, that is a new artistic behaviour.
 
Literary question on the topic of autobiography in terms of Wittgenstein, and 'Self-'.



Research Questions

What are the research questions?

What is 'creativity' of humans?

What is an 'artifact?


What is the value of investigating them?

Awareness of natural human evolution, Reflection of humanity,


Are there any tentative hypotheses?

The state of nature (hypothesis)

In a fiction,
The nature does not mix, and coexists in each individual state and competes independently.



Problem / Phenomenon

Does a real-world problem(s) motivate the project?

Yes


What are the main phenomenon and specific sub-phenomena being investigated?

- Between Reality and Fiction


- Knowledge through Imagination



Methodology / Design

What is the overall design or methodology for the study?

In the process,
In terms of transversal aesthetics,


What are the key principles / objectives of the methodology?

Relativity in Representational theory


What are the quality criteria for evaluating the design or methodology?

Aesthetic Judgement,

Representational theory


From classic to contemporary, such as Kant, Zeami, Greenbrg (Formalist in Modern Art), Wollheim (From Modern Art to Postmodernism), Danto* and many others (Philosophy of Art, Aesthetics)

What is art?


It referes to anthropology.


*Danto has explored a concept of "mass from an original that occur during the production process (multiple production)". It was a starting point by Andy Warhol on the topic of Serier (number) from an original, serial, that was the question for 'originality' and 'authenticity' of art. – Pop art and Art in everyday life




Between Post-Modernism and Contemporary

Between East and West

Between South and North

Between Tradition and Modernity

Between Men and Women

Between Human and Non-Human

B.O.D.Y. - Contemporariness

Exploring critical theory on the topic of Human and Non-Human society

Philosophy of Language

As a counclution of this artistic research B.O.D.Y. - the second skin / Space-y / Metamorphosis, I dealt with the research theme in the context of practic-based artistic research transversally.
"Art transcends boundaries of race, nationality and gender. It is a creative act of unifying in the context of humanity, from the subject to the various topics, by asking questions. This point is the lack of "reality" (dealing with reality) from a sociological perspective. But it is impossible to define humanity and reality based on sociological statistics alone–is my perspective of Wittgenstein's "Ethics and Aesthetics are one". Thereby, I examine 'world and life' from the 21st century perspective."


I am writing a review rite Of spring (2005) by Jsoseph Necvatal and an article Space-y / Metamorphosis.

Design the artistic research in sculpture:


Ontology is concerned with what is true or real. Epistemology: is the 'theory of knowledge'. It refers to the principles of what can be known and how you can know it; that is, how you can find out about it.


Ontology defines your research framework while epistemology determines the research questions that you will need to answer. Together, ontology, epistemology and methodology form an all-encompassing system of interrelated practice and thinking that defines the nature of your research.


Existentialism is an ontology that emphasizes the primacy of existence over essence and the importance of subjective experience in defining one's authentic self.

Ontological nihilism is the radical-sounding thesis that there is nothing at all. This chapter first discusses how the most plausible forms of this thesis aim to be slightly less radical than they sound and what they will have to do in order to succeed in their less radical ambitions.


"Ontological" is about what things exist. "Phenomenological" is about experiences.

Contributions

What are the potential contributions of the research?

Humanity,

Human beings


Who are the key stakeholders and what benefits will the research provide to them?

For Art education; Art history, Musicology, Aesthetics, Anthropology, Philosophy of Art,




Sample / Context

What sampling methods and sample will be used?

This check research sheet in the artistic research



Will the context of the research play an important role?

Yes, but topologically.



If so, what are the distinctive characteristics of the context?

Reference and connection to the various specific academic areas

e.g. visual arts, neuroscience music and linguistics

Thereby mathematics is a common.


Theory

Will theory be an important part of your research?

Yes. (Molecular biology)

Natural being

It referes to explore human-beings and humanity.


Nature and its reality in spacetime

(When considered from this perspective, I think that the pictures drawn by children are supernatural. Adults do not need to correct children's drawings.)



What role will theory play in your project?

Tool(s), not norm(s)

In otherwords, theory can be an important knowledge, that is not a norm. Theory can be a tool, for example in the context of aesthetic judgement methodologically.


String theory*

World lines and world sheet - for the 'String theory' artic


*Extra dimensions: In everyday life, there are three familiar dimensions (3D) of space: height, width and length. Einstein's general theory of relativity treats time as a dimension on par with the three spatial dimensions; in general relativity, space and time are not modeled as separate entities but are instead unified to a four-dimensional (4D) spacetime. In this framework, the phenomenon of gravity is viewed as a consequence of the geometry of spacetime.


Quantum gravity*


*The theory is based on the reformulation of general relativity known as Ashtekar variables, which represent geometric gravity using mathematical analogues of electric and magnetic fields. In quantum theory, space is represented by a network structure called a spin network, evolving in discrete steps.



What theoretical ideas / concepts / model / framework do you intend to use or develop What does theory mean or what constitutes theory in your discipline or field?

- Theoretical ideas and the concept of time that are integrated with the ever-changing nature

- Theory is, consciousness-based dealing with fact, tool of knowledge, logical and illogical,

- Formalism in the classical Fine Arts





Assumptions / Paradigm

Is the research based upon particular philosophical assumptions?

Ethics and Aesthetics are One

Art is something "x"


Does the research operate within a specific paradigm?

M.C. Escher (1898–1972)
Metamorphosis I, II, III:
Metamorphosis I (1937), Prints, Woodcuts
Metamorphosis II (1939/1940). Prints, Woodcuts
Metamorphosis III (1967–1968), Prints, Woodcuts

Relativity (1953), Lithography




Joseph Nechvatal

by: Lyndsey Jennings

 

Viractualism 

Viractualism is a term created by artist Joseph Nechvatal in 1999 to explain a conceptual art theory, which means the interface between the biological and the technical. “The basis of the viractual conception is that virtual producing computer technology has become a noteworthy means for making and understanding contemporary art. This brings art to a place where one finds the merging of the computed (the virtual) with the uncomputed corporeal (the actual).”[1]

In order to bring these two elements together Nechvatal often creates animation and images depicting biological elements.The work then gets put through a series of adaptations involving a man made computer virus, which etches away and changes the image. The final output is then painted onto a canvas using acrylic paint by means of a robot. As well as bringing elements of biology and technology together it also comments on the idea of traditional art media being replicated by mechanical means. Nechvatal's work stretches to many fields, including music, computer coding and writing. He is also a researcher, who looks into the possibilities of using viruses to produce chaotic elements into an image. 

To create the works in bOdy pandemOnium, Nechvatal used a custom virus program created by Sikora in the C++ programming language. Sikora's virus invades, destroys, and transforms Nechvatal's painterly images, which are based on intimate parts of the body. The images were initially taken from online medical images. The painting frOnt windOw retinal autOmat displays the eye and rectum, which represent the highest and the lowest orifices of the human body.[1]

https://www.doc.gold.ac.uk/creativeprojects/index.php/work/joseph-nechvatal/


The A-life Undeadening of Painting via the Digital[1]

 

 

Joseph Nechvatal

 

 

           

“Eroticism which is a fusion, which shifts interest away from and beyond the
person and his limits, is nevertheless expressed by an object. We are
faced with the paradox of an object which implies the abolition of the
limits of all objects, of an erotic object.”


-Georges Bataille [}


For me, the digital has brought back from the dead the practice of
painting. It has made it alive. It has made it bloom in the
enthusiastic and relevant sense of the word alive -
but it has made painting alive in a more specific sense also, as I
began mixing my digital painting practice with techniques of
artificial life (a-life). Therefore the digital as applied to painting
excites me - and this excitement allows me to work with passion.


A curious alliance: the cold impersonality of technology with the heat
of ecstasy.


https://intertheory.org/Nechvatal.htm


Painting

 

From Photography to Film ->

 

Sculpture (Relief)

What is 'painting'?

History of Painting

 

What is 'digital painting' by Joseph Nechvatal?

Automatism and Surrealism


Dadaism


Cubism and Conceptual art


Theory of Art

Philosophy of Art

Aesthetics

Anthropology

Conclusion:

Consciousness


What is consciousness?

Keywords: transversality*; interface (interact); post-conceptual; assemblage; spatiality; randomness; environment; coexistence;


*In mathematics, transversality is a notion that describes how spaces can intersect; transversality can be seen as the "opposite" of tangency and plays a role in general position. It formalizes the idea of a generic intersection in differential topology.

noun
1.  geometry
a line intersecting two or more other lines
adjective
2.  a less common word for transverse

My own research method of 'Self-':


Ontology defines the research framework, and empirical epistemology* asks questions about the research problems that need to be explored and solved. Ontologies, epistemologies, and methodologies together form a comprehensive system of interrelated practices and thinking that define the nature of research.


*The acquisition or assessment of knowledge base on practical or observable first-hand experience rather than theoretical explanation.


Empiricism is empirical knowledge. In contrast or difference to theory, experience can also serve as the basis of knowledge.

Futurism

On dispositif

Virtual

on human creativity

American contemporary art is a critique of American modernism.

-> to the thema of coexistence from the aspect of Computer sceince

The term algorithm derives from the name of Muhammad ibn Mūsā al'Khwārizmī, a ninth-century Persian mathematician. His latinized name, Algoritmi, meant “the decimal number system” and was used in this meaning for centuries.

Ada Lovelace, an English mathematician and daughter of the poet Lord Byron, wrote the first algorithm for a machine in the 1800s and is considered the first computer programmer.

Keywords: transversality*; interface (interact); post-conceptual; assemblage; spatiality; randomness; environment; coexistence;


*In mathematics, transversality is a notion that describes how spaces can intersect; transversality can be seen as the "opposite" of tangency and plays a role in general position. It formalizes the idea of a generic intersection in differential topology.

noun
1.  geometry
a line intersecting two or more other lines
adjective
2.  a less common word for transverse

Review

On rite Of spring (2015), Joseph Nechvatal

With art mediums of drawing, text, photography, sound composition and spatial installation

The research method is Multimodal Minimalism with various art mediums, its assemblage

The aim of the project is that it's concerned with develop the study of geometry, which I transform from the biological to the literary. This is my artistic challenge of geometry in the sense of humanity, like the linguistic logic, the feeling, etc. in a certain way. - How do we live with nature, in urbanic (urbanised) nature and its coexistence with all of us (humans)?


Outline: Metamorphosis - Ethics and Aesthetics are One - from a Neuroscience Perspective
Wittgenstein's "Ethics and Aesthetics are one" is the starting point of this research. "In the Notebooks, Wittgenstein states that 'the world and life are one', so perhaps the following can be said. Just as the aesthetic object is the single thing seen as if it were a whole world, so the ethical object, or life, is the multiplicity of the world seen as a single object". (Diané Collinson, The British Journal of Aesthetics, Volume 25, Issue 3, SUMMER 1985, pages 266-272)

Art transcends boundaries of race, nationality and gender. It is a creative act of unifying in the context of humanity, from the subject to the various topics, by asking questions. This point is the lack of "reality" (dealing with reality) from a sociological perspective. But it is impossible to define humanity and reality based on sociological statistics alone–is my perspective of Wittgenstein's "Ethics and Aesthetics are one". Thereby, I examine 'world and life' from the 21st century perspective.

Artistic research-based project “Transformative Processes” - Metamorphosis in Geometry

Keywords: transversality*; interface (interact); post-conceptual; assemblage; spatiality; randomness; environment; coexistence;


*In mathematics, transversality is a notion that describes how spaces can intersect; transversality can be seen as the "opposite" of tangency and plays a role in general position. It formalizes the idea of a generic intersection in differential topology.

noun
1.  geometry
a line intersecting two or more other lines
adjective
2.  a less common word for transverse

Reference: Metamorphosis in Geometry
M.C. Escher (1898–1972)
Metamorphosis I, II, III:
Metamorphosis I (1937), Prints, Woodcuts
Metamorphosis II (1939/1940). Prints, Woodcuts
Metamorphosis III (1967–1968), Prints, Woodcuts

Relativity (1953), Lithography

Progress observation

i.e. in biology

Meta-epistemological

B.O.D.Y. - contemporariness

The oldest known algorithms were inscribed on clay tablets by the Babylonians more than 4,000 years ago. The clay tablets document algorithms ranging from geometry to accountancy.

https://academic.oup.com/book/31959/chapter-abstract/267692279?redirectedFrom=fulltext


 

 

                                       

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II. History of Algorithmic Complexity

Historically, an interest in optimizing arithmetic algorithms can be traced back to the   Middle   Ages   (Chabert,   1999).   Methods   for   reducing   the   number   of   separate   elementary steps needed for calculation are described in an Arabic text by Ibn al-Majdi, a fourteenth  century  Egyptian  astronomer.  He  compared  the  method  of  translation,  which  was used to find the product of two numbers, as well as the method of semi-translation, which  was  used  only  for  calculating  the  squares  of  numbers.  Based  on  Ibn  al-Majdi’s  writings,  if  one  were  to  use  the  method  of  translation  to  find  the  square  of  348,  for  example,  it  would  require  nine  multiplications.  However,  if  one  were  to  use  the  method  of   semi-translation   to   calculate   the   same   product,   it   would   require   only   six   multiplications.  In  general,  when  squaring  a  number  of  n  digits,  the  translation  method  takes n2  elementary  multiplications  while  the  semi-translation  method  takes  n(n-1)/2 elementary multiplications. In considering the number of steps, it is important to note that Ibn  al-Majdi  counted  neither  the  number  of  elementary  additions  nor  the  doublings  (Chabert, 1999).  Attempts  to  analyze  the  Euclidean  algorithm  date  back  to  the  early  nineteenth  century.  In  his  well-known  1844  paper,  Gabriel  Lamé  proved  that  if  u > v >  0,  then  the  number of division steps performed by the Euclidean algorithm E(u,v) is always less than five times the number of decimal digits in v (Shallit, 1994). Although Lamé is generally recognized as the first to analyze the Euclidean algorithm, several other  mathematicians  had previously studied it. Shallit (1994) notes that sometime in between 1804 and 1811, Antoine-Andre-Louis Reynaud proved that the number of division steps performed by the
TME, vol. 13, no.3, p.221Euclidean algorithm, E(u,v), is less than or equal to v.  Several years later he refined his upper limit to v/2 (which Lamé proved to be false).  Schreiber  (1994)  notes  that  algorithmic  thinking  has  been  a  part  of  the  study  of  geometric  constructions  since  Antiquity.  He  explains  that  “the  first  studies  on  the  unsolvability  of  problems  by  special  instruments  (i.e.  by  special  classes  of  algorithms)  and  the  first  attempts  to  measure,  compare,  and  optimize  the  complexity  of  different  algorithms  for  solving  the  same  problem”  were  in  the  field  of  geometric  constructions  (Schreiber,   1994,   p.   691).   These   attempts   can   be   seen   in   Émil   Lemoine’s   1902   ‘Géométrographie’ (Schreiber, 1994).  In  1864,  Charles  Babbage  predicted  the  significance  of  the  study  of  algorithms.  He wrote, “As soon as an Analytical Engine [i.e. general purpose computer] exists, it will necessarily  guide  the  future  course  of  the  science.  Whenever  any  result  is  sought  by  its  aid,  the  question  will  then  arise  -  By  what  course  of  calculation  can  these  results  be  arrived at by the machine in the shortest time (Knuth, 1974, p. 329)?” The time taken to execute an algorithm, as Babbage predicted, is an important characteristic in quantifying an algorithm’s efficiency.   In  1937,  Arnold  Scholtz  studied  the  problem  of  optimizing  the  number  of  operations required to computexn (Kronsjö, 1987). In order to computex31, for example, it  can  be  done  in  seven  multiplications:x2,x3,x5,x10,x20,x30,x31.  However,  if  division  is  allowed,  it  can  be  done  in  six  arithmetic  operations .  Kronsjö  (1987)  notes  that  the  problem  of  computing  xn  with  the  fewest  number  of  multiplications  is  far  from  being  solved.  x2,x4,x8,x16,x32,x3
Nasar In  the  1950’s  and  1960’s,  several  mathematicians  worked  on  optimization  problems  similar  to  that  of  Scholtz  and  Ibn  al-Majdi.  In  order  to  evaluate  a  polynomial  function f(n)anxnan1xn1...a1xa0 at any point, it requires at most n additions and 2n-1 multiplications. Horner’s method, which involves rewriting the polynomial in a different  form,  only  requires  n  multiplications  and  n  additions,  which  is  optimal  in  the  number of multiplications under the assumption that no preprocessing of the coefficients is  made  (Kronsjö,  1987).  In  order  to  multiply  two  2x2  matrices  using  the  standard  method,  it  requires  eight  multiplications  and  four  additions2.  In  1968,  V.  Strassen  introduced a ‘divide-and-conquer’ method that reduced the number of multiplications to seven at the cost of fourteen more additions (Wilf, 2002). Generalizing his method to the multiplication  of  two  nxn  matrices  (where  n  is  an  even  number)  reduces  the  number  of  multiplications  from  n3  multiplications  to  7n3/8  multiplications  (Kronsjö,  1987).

https://scholarworks.umt.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=&httpsredir=1&article=1375&context=tme


Please select a number and click it.

Ans please listen on headphones

B.O.D.Y. - Performance trace, Galerie Wedding, Berlin, Erika Matsunami, 2012

Link to video

B.O.D.Y. - Performance Minotauros, Frauenmuseum Bonn, Erika Matsunami, 2011

Both performances Minotauros (2011) and trace (2012) were, that I reacted towards the sound or music and noise in the space (room). The first one was the sound compositions were played by the computer (automatic, electroacustic music, digital), and the second one was played by the notation by the pianist (manual, interpretation, acustic music).
Both performances were interpreted by performers such as within music scour, and/or space (spatiality) and so on without interaction between music and visuals. However, there was an interaction, that was with the audience in the exhibition space.


The keywords here are interpretation, intention, reaction, interaction, automatic and manual, cognision and happening.


What is 'happening' in the art?


The final work of transformation in these both performances were "Aesthetic Attention''–a visualization of the red thread that I drew on the floor with the red thread.

Attention in this performance:

The result of this performance was a drawing, performed with red thread on the floor.

– Question for the symbolism

Attention of vertical and horizontal red lines on this digital painting