With a heart full of gratitude, I want to thank my family for their unwavering support throughout my life. Mom and Dad, your endless encouragement, sacrifices, and the values you instilled in me have been the foundation of my academic journey. This accomplishment is as much yours as it is mine. Thank you, Mafalda, for your love, support, and patience – you've been my rock throughout this challenging journey; your belief in me has been my constant motivation. Thank you, Pedro, for your guidance and help, often behind the scenes, which has been priceless; your belief in my potential has been a driving force. A big shoutout to Ritinha, Tia Nela, and Paula for their unwavering support and love.

     A HUGE thanks to my supervisors, Professor Pascal Gielen, Professor Wim Henderickx, and Professor Thomas R. Moore, whose wise guidance, mentorship, and expertise have been critical to the development and success of this research. I'm incredibly grateful for their support and dedication to my academic growth.

     To Nuno, Paolo, Igor, Bram, Dimitris, and Bruno, thanks a million for your invaluable contributions, mind-blowing discussions, and your willingness to debate ideas with me. Your insights have enriched my research immensely. I also want to thank all my colleagues from my studies in Portugal (Braga and Porto), Antwerp, and Brussels – the camaraderie and shared experiences we've had have made this academic journey truly unforgettable and rewarding. Your friendship and collaboration have been a source of inspiration.

     I'm so grateful to all the professors who have shared their knowledge and wisdom with me throughout my academic journey. Special thanks to André Ruiz, Filipe C. Vieira, Luc van Hove, and Ivo Venkov for their exceptional contributions to my education.

A huge thanks to Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian and Fundação GDA for their generous financial support. Your investment in my academic pursuits has made this research possible and has opened doors to new opportunities.

     I would also like to thank Tiago Pereira, Angela da Ponte, Pascal Gielen, Rui Ferreira, Nuno Costa, and Rusga de S. Vicente for their valuable contributions to the seminar. Their expertise and insights enriched the seminar's discussions. I extend my appreciation to Ana Margarida, Edgar, Duarte, Mafalda, and Markiyan for sharing the stage with me and playing my music.

     Lastly, I thank everyone who has contributed to my academic and personal growth, whether through conversations, critiques, or moments of inspiration. Your influence has been invaluable. This thesis stands as a testament to the collective support, encouragement, and intellectual exchange that have shaped my academic pursuits. I'm profoundly thankful to each one of you.

Acknowledgements