CHAPTER 4
Case study 7
Ross Edwards- Pre-composed work
Prelude and White Cockatoo Spirit Dance (1994)
1. Initial contact
Ross Edwards is a composer whose compositions I have performed prior to my Master studies, although I had never met him. I contacted him on 1st March 2021. He agreed to workshop the Prelude and White Cockatoo Spirit Dance with me. He also agreed to an interview.
2. Background of the composer
Edwards is an Australian Composer, born 1943. He started learning piano at an early age but was never really taken by the instrument. He went to a Sydney Symphony Orchestra concert at age thirteen where he heard a Beethoven Piano Concerto for the first time. From that time on he wanted to become a composer. There were no composition classes offered at the Sydney Conservatorium, however he was appointed assistant to Peter Sculthorpe. Due to this appointment, he learned much about the life of a composer. He then completed his Bachelor of composition at Elder Conservatorium in Adelaide.
Edwards furthered his education in London studying with Sir Peter Maxwell Davies.
Following his return to Australia, Edwards found himself rejecting Europe and turned towards Asia and especially the natural environment as a source of compositional materials.
“From whose rhythms and drones I gradually extracted the essence of my own language, which underlies and shapes my music to the present day, although its surface increasingly accommodates influences from many other cultures, including mediaeval Europe.”1 (personal correspondance in response to interview questions).
The scope of his works varies from solo instrumental writing to the larger symphony orchestral Works and operas.
3. Timeframe
1st March, 2021- ongoing.
4. My Roles
4.1 Initiator of collaboration
I initiated this collaboration with Edwards.
4.2 Role as Violist
I am both violist and performer.
4.3 Role as Communicator
I have communicated with Edwards via email, Facebook messenger, email and Zoom, with and without the viola. Edwards has a busy career in Australia. It was important therefore to be efficient when writing and communicating with him. His wife and manager Helen Edwards would help schedule the various activities together.
4.4 Role as interpreter
My initial role as interpreter of this composition was whilst helping one of my viola students for her school music exam around four years ago. As a result, I have a deeper understanding of the White Cockatoo Spirit Dance, in contrast to the Prelude.
4.5 Role as Promoter
I have performed this work in concerts in Australia and The Netherlands and at group lessons at the The Royal Conservatoire, The Hague. It will be included in my final Master Recital in May/June 2022. >>>
5. My Responsibilities
5.1 Before making initial contact, make sure that you resonate with the composer’s style of writing.
This was already the case as I had already studied the piece.
5.2 Organise an initial meeting to make sure you are able to not only resonate with the composer’s music but also the composer themselves.
Edwards and I did not meet until our Zoom interview. We communicate efficiently and respectfully.
5.3 Give clear guidelines for time
I informed Edwards about the duration of my Master course in our initial zoom meeting. I informed him it was a piece I would like to perform at the end of my Master course.
5.4 Discuss ideas with the composer
This was a pre-existing work, as a result I was not involved in the creation stage of the writing of this work. It was written for Patricia Pollock and completed in 1994.
5.5. Understand the concept behind the music
Brief Synopsis of work. Click on table to view on the right.
As was evident in Edwards’s response to my recording, his feedback was mostly about my interpretation of the Prelude. My tempo was slower than indicated, and I needed a better understanding of how to achieve a fluctuation of tempo throughout the melodic phrases.
Will include these recordings
5.6 Take the compositional and the collaborative process seriously
I collaborated with the Art of Sound Department at The Royal Conservatoire, The Hague to record this work in order to send a better-quality recording to Edwards, rather than just relying on the sound quality through Zoom, which can be limiting. Prior to this, in addition to personal practice, I performed the work several times in my viola group lessons, studied it with Asdis Valdimarsdottir and performed it in a public concert in Middelburg at the Doopsgezinde Kerk. This was valuable for developing my own performance practice of the piece. The recording was especially useful as the technical difficulties such as the sudden high notes show example were not consistently accurate. This is an example from White Cockatoo Spirit Dance, Bar 81. (Figure 1 below).
For Edwards, the recording highlighted areas that needed addressing in the workshop. The main points of discussion was the rubato - and achieving a more effective speeding up and slowing down through the phrases in this movement and
bowing so as not to interrupt the flow of the melodic lines. The shorter rhythmic values needed more precision in accentuation in contrast to the longer lines. For example in bar 49 of the Prelude. (Figure 2 below).
Edwards pointed out certain bars where a comma was needed for example at the very beginning of the Prelude. Indicated by the red markings I annotated in the score. (Figure 3 below).
Michelle Pritchard recording for Ross Edwards. White Cockatoo Spirit Dance. Art of Sound Department at The Royal Conservatoire. December 2021
Michelle Pritchard recording for Ross Edwards. PreludeArt of Sound Department at The Royal Conservatoire. December 2021
5.7 Identifying with the work
As an Australian who has a love of nature and lives near the Australian bush, there are elements of Edwards' writing that I feel capture the beauty of Australian flora and fauna. The imagery that the work conjures up is that of gliding and interjections of screeching birds and insects. There is a raw quality about this, possibly because it is a solo work for viola and therefore highlights both the richness of the instrument and its resonance including the harsher effects of higher pitched notes. I feel confident when performing it.
5.8 Artistic Challenges and Difficulties
Through the process of teaching this work and preparing it for my own performance, I have gained a more in depth understanding of the work as a whole.
As a result of the workshop with Edwards that was conducted on the 11th February via Zoom, this has developed further. The main points are
Prelude: I interpreted the tempo as slower than notated, as pointed out by Edwards. My bow speed needed to be slower to create a more controlled sound, as I was accelerating the bow stroke too quickly and ended up at the end of the bow, which resulted in a feeble tone quality. The rubato needed to involve a more measured speeding up and slowing down, rather than the shortening of long notes I engaged in. My interpretation of this particular movement was too slow and sounded “bogged down” in parts (see email).
White Cockatoo Spirit Dance- co-ordination between pizzicato and 16th notes, taking notice of rests and the change in time signatures can make the pulse unstable.
Higher double stops, sudden interval changes are difficult to play with consistent accuracy as was evident in the recording.
Edwards congratulated me on my White Cockatoo Spirit Dance and praised me for capturing the quirkiness of the piece. He suggested that I have another workshop prior to preforming this in my final master recital.
5.9 Feedback loop
Alteration of the score and other aspects:
Alteration of the score has occurred through performers in the past collaborating with Edwards.
I also marked bowings in my score as agreed with the composer during the workshop.
Before contacting Edwards I was unsure if this composition was originally composed for the viola. As a composer he arranges many of his compositions for different instruments. There was clarification of this- it was written originally for the viola.
Edwards helped me develop my performance with regard to tempo, dynamics and rhythm.
Edwards wanted my opinion on some technical difficulties that had been brought up by past performers, such as the fast ending with double stops from bar 202 onwards. See example below- Figure 4.
He informed me that he had altered the score due to a suggestion by his editor who is a violinist. I have not seen the original score as I have always worked from the one I have attached. The ending of the piece is still awkward and is difficult to play at tempo with the large jumps up to the double stops. It needs slow, measured practice to embed a left hand co-ordination/memory for accuracy. It is however becoming more fluent and it is in my opinion worth the practice to make it possible. I did not push Edwards to alter again.
In addition, in the Preludio he was interested in my suggestion to use ricochet in bars 47 and 48.- SHOW VIDEO. After demonstrating this to him, his preference was to leave the notation as is. He wanted to retain the contrast between legato slurs and the up bow spiccato notes.
Also discussed was a revision he had made adding the Poco meno in bar 130 of The White Cockatoo Spirit Dance.
Email response from Ross Edwards 23rd January, 2022.
"Dear Michelle,
Thanks for sending this - it’s coming along beautifully!
I think Helen mentioned that it’s tricky for me time wise at present and that I’ll have to spend a few days away soon. However, before we Zoom, I’ve written a few comments which I hope will be useful.
I do think the Prelude needs to flow more – it does get a bit bogged down here and there and I think this is partly my fault for not indicating more flexibility of tempo. Crotchet = 63 seems (with a composer’s hindsight) a bit sluggish and I think 66 – 69, or even 72, might help produce the elegant, gliding effect I’d envisaged (nearly 30 years ago!) Give it a try and see what you (and your teacher) think. Almost everything I write is in some way a dance, and even this is no exception.
A few details: There shouldn’t be a gap between bars 2 & 3 (likewise 65 and 66). Imagine a phrase marking across the bar line.
In bar 6 (and sim. elsewhere), it’s important to the rhythm that the second note should be a quaver’s length.
At bar 10 (also 24 & 87) the semiquaver within a triplet should be shorter, crisper (perhaps a separate bow stroke would help?)
Also in 95, the open low C should also be a semiquaver’ length.
The Cockatoo Dance:
Brilliant! You’ve caught the crazy spirit so well!
My only observations are: At bar 29, is it possible to precisely observe the quaver rest before the (L.H.) pizz. to maintain the rhythmic flow?). And sim. at bar 86.
Congratulations – any small adjustments can await our Zoom.
Very best from Helen and me,
Ross (Ps. I’m a bit jaded – I hope all this makes sense!)" NEXT